An Overview of Fluoroelastomer Blends
Subject Areas :
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Keywords: Fluoroelastomer, compounding, curing system, nanoparticles, compatibilizer.,
Abstract :
Fluoroelastomers are of significant interest to both researchers and industrial practitioners due to their excellent high-temperature performance, resistance to corrosive chemicals, and stability in fuels and various oils. This article first discusses the classification of fluoroelastomers before reviewing the additives used in their compounding. Various curing systems—including amine, bisphenol, peroxide, and radiation curing—are examined, along with the advantages and disadvantages of each. Accompanying components of these systems, such as accelerators, acid absorbers, and suitable activators, are also addressed.
Suitable reinforcements for fluoroelastomer compounds are then reviewed, covering carbon black, mineral reinforcements, and various carbo and non-carbon nanoparticles. Findings indicate that while nanoparticles like nanosilica significantly enhance mechanical properties, the use of functionalized nanoparticles—which create covalent bonds with fluoroelastomer chains—or hybrid nanoparticles (such as carbon nanotubes combined with graphene nanosheets) represents an effective strategy to further improve particle efficiency.
The article also explores alloys of fluoroelastomers with other rubbers, such as silicone rubber, aimed at extending their low-temperature operational limits. A key challenge in this area is the development and selection of an appropriate compatibilizer between the two phases. Recent studies highlight the use of nanoparticles (e.g., nanosilica) and reactive compatibilizers as primary methods for enhancing phase compatibility.
Subsequently, the plasticizers used in formulating these blends are outlined. Finally, the article examines key factors involved in both open closed mixing processes for these compounds.
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